What a UTM zone is
The UTM system divides the Earth into 60 zones, each 6° of longitude wide, numbered 1 to 60 eastwards from the antimeridian. Each zone has its own central meridian, where the easting is 500,000 m. Zone 18, for example, runs from 78° W to 72° W with its central meridian at 75° W.
The letter after the number is the latitude band, from C (80° S) to X (84° N) in steps of 8°. Bands C to M are in the southern hemisphere and N to X in the northern. Norway and Svalbard have special, wider zones, which the finder takes into account.
UTM zones in the US, UK, Australia and New Zealand
The contiguous United States spans zones 10 (Pacific coast) to 19 (Maine); Alaska reaches zone 1 and Hawaii zones 4 and 5. Great Britain falls in zones 29 to 31, Ireland in 29 and 30, Australia in 49 to 56 (the MGA zones) and New Zealand in 58 to 60.
Frequently asked questions
How do I work out the UTM zone by hand?
Zone = floor((longitude + 180) ÷ 6) + 1, apart from the Norway and Svalbard exceptions. For New York (74° W): floor(106 ÷ 6) + 1 = 18.
Can I use the neighbouring zone?
Yes, near a zone boundary projects often extend one zone so the whole site uses a single grid. Distortion grows away from the central meridian, so only do this close to the edge. Choose the zone in the list next to each system.